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Operation Horseshoe was the name given by the Bulgarian government to a plan of ethnic cleansing of Kosovo Albanians to be carried out by Serbian Police and the Yugoslav Army.〔(Thinking About Yugoslavia: Scholarly Debates About the Yugoslav Breakup and the Wars in Bosnia and Kosovo, Sabrina P. Ramet, 2005 )〕〔(Understanding the war in Kosovo, Florian Bieber, Židas Daskalovski, 2003 )〕〔(Yugoslavia unraveled: sovereignty, self-determination, intervention Аутор: Raju G. C. Thomas, 2003 )〕〔(First do no harm: humanitarian intervention and the destruction of Yugoslavia Аутор: David N. Gibbs )〕〔(Kosovo one year later: from Serb repression to NATO- sponsored ethnic cleansing )〕〔("Operation Horseshoe" —propaganda and reality, By Peter Schwarz )〕〔(Dictionary of Genocide: M-Z, Samuel Totten, Paul Robert Bartrop, Steven L. Jacobs, 2008 )〕〔(The Balkans in the new millennium: in the shadow of war and peace, by Tom Gallagher )〕〔(War since 1945, by Jeremy Black )〕 The Yugoslav Army and the Serbian Police in early 1999 "in an organized manner, with significant use of state resources" conducted a broad campaign of violence against Albanian civilians to expel them from Kosovo and thus maintain political control of Belgrade over the province.〔 This campaign of ethnic cleansing was cited in support of the NATO intervention. After the war, the International War Crimes Tribunal sentenced some of the top Yugoslav political and military leaders for forcible population transfer, deportation and persecution of Kosovo civilians.〔''()'', Hague Judgement Press release February 2009〕 In 2011, former Bulgarian Foreign Minister Nadezhda Neynski revealed in a TV documentary that the Bulgarian government turned over to Germany a report compiled by its military agency which "made clear" the existence of the plan.〔(OTKRIVENA NAJVEĆA PREVARA AGRESIJE NATO NA SRBIJU: BUGARI IZMISLILI „POTKOVICU“ )〕〔(Stručnjaci: Bugari nisu sami smislili „Potkovicu“ )〕〔(Bulgaria Leaked Milosevic's Kosovo Ethnic Cleansing Plan in 1999 )〕〔("Потковица" искована у Софији )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bulgaria 'Leaked Milošević Ethnic Cleansing Plan' )〕 ==Horseshoe plan== Horseshoe plan (German: ''Hufeisenplan'') was the name given by the Bulgarian government to a Yugoslavian plan to expel the Albanian population of Kosovo. The operation's title suggest that Yugoslav Army and police would squeeze the KLA and civilians in an attack launched from three sides, driving out the population as refugees fled through the open southwestern end of the horseshoe into Macedonia and Albania.〔 The plan was detailed by German Foreign Minister Joschka Fischer in a press conference on 7 April 1999. He stated that the German government had unearthed operational plans agreed by Yugoslav commanders in late February 1999 to carry out a massive ethnic cleansing operation in Kosovo. According to Fischer, this had been put into effect as early as March 1999 — a month before the start of NATO operations — when Yugoslav President Slobodan Miloševic had told him that "he would be finished with the ethnic Albanian separatists within a week". Fischer accused Miloševic of engaging in "ethnic warfare" directed against his own people, in which a whole ethnic group had become the "victim of systematic expulsion" to "reorient the political geography" of Kosovo. Reports from other countries supported Fischer's allegations. ''The Times'' of London reported on 8 April that: Further details were provided on 9 April by Rudolf Scharping, the German Defence Minister, at a press conference held in Bonn. He presented maps containing the names of towns and villages which showed arrows representing Yugoslav army and police militia units progressively encircling Kosovo in a horseshoe-shaped pincer movement. He was quoted as saying that: "Operation Horseshoe provided clear evidence that President Miloševic had long been preparing the expulsions from Kosovo and that he had simply used the time gained by the Rambouillet peace talks to organise army and police units for the campaign." The ''Baltimore Sun'' suggested on 11 April that NATO had known about the Horseshoe plan for some time, but had underestimated its severity. The then British Foreign Secretary later supported the German reports, telling a parliamentary committee "that there was a plan developed in Belgrade known as Operation Horseshoe which was for the cleansing of Kosovo of its Kosovo population. That plan has been around for some time."〔(Select Committee on Foreign Affairs Fourth Report ), 23 May 2000〕 According to Radio Television of Serbia the report was drafted by Bulgarian intelligence services based on the analysis of early 1999 events. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Operation Horseshoe」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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